IT Technician: Computer Hardware and Networking

Objective: Understand the fundamental components of a computer system.

Topics Covered:

• History and evolution of computers
• Types of computers: Desktops, laptops, servers, mobile devices
• Input, processing, output, and storage devices
• Computer form factors and cases
• Safety precautions and ESD protection
• Tools of the trade (screwdrivers, multimeters, diagnostic tools)

Tools: PC toolkits, anti-static wrist straps, diagnostic hardware

Objective: Master each PC component and its function.

Topics Covered:

• Motherboards: Form factors, chipsets, sockets, and ports
• Processors (CPU): Cores, threads, clock speed, and cooling
• Memory (RAM): Types, speeds, and installation
• Storage devices: HDD, SSD, NVMe, and RAID concepts
• Power supplies: Wattage, efficiency ratings, and connectors
• Expansion cards: Graphics, sound, network, and USB cards

Tools: Actual PC components for hands-on learning

Objective: Build a complete computer system from scratch.

Topics Covered:

• Step-by-step PC assembly process
• Installing motherboard, CPU, and RAM
• Mounting storage drives and power supply
• Cable management and component connections
• Installing expansion cards
• First boot and BIOS/UEFI configuration
• Safe disassembly procedures

Tools: PC assembly workstation, thermal paste, cable ties

Objective: Work with peripherals and laptop components.

Topics Covered:

• Monitors: LCD, LED, OLED, and troubleshooting display issues
• Printers: Inkjet, laser, thermal, and common printer problems
• Keyboards, mice, webcams, and external storage
• Laptop components: Batteries, screens, keyboards, trackpads
• Laptop disassembly and repair techniques
• Mobile device hardware basics (smartphones, tablets)

Tools: Laptop repair toolkit, multimeter, soldering basics

Objective: Install, configure, and manage operating systems.

Topics Covered:

• Windows 10/11 installation and configuration
• Linux basics (Ubuntu installation and commands)
• Driver installation and updates
• Disk partitioning and file systems (NTFS, FAT32, exFAT, ext4)
• System backup and recovery tools
• Virtual machines and dual-boot setups

Tools: Windows installation media, Linux ISO, VirtualBox

Objective: Develop systematic troubleshooting methodologies.

Topics Covered:

• The troubleshooting process (identify, research, test, resolve, document)
• Common hardware issues and solutions (no boot, overheating, beep codes)
• Diagnostic software tools (CPU-Z, HWMonitor, MemTest86, CrystalDiskInfo)
• Blue Screen of Death (BSOD) analysis
• Malware removal and system cleanup
• Creating a troubleshooting toolkit

Tools: Diagnostic software, bootable USB tools (Hiren's BootCD, Ultimate Boot CD)

Objective: Understand networking fundamentals and protocols.

Topics Covered:

• What is a network? LAN, WAN, MAN, PAN, and WLAN
• OSI and TCP/IP models explained
• Network topologies (star, bus, ring, mesh)
• IP addressing: IPv4 and IPv6 basics
• Subnetting and CIDR notation
• Common protocols: TCP, UDP, HTTP, HTTPS, DNS, DHCP, FTP, SSH

Tools: Packet Tracer, Wireshark basics, command line tools (ping, ipconfig, netstat)

Objective: Work with network equipment and cabling.

Topics Covered:

• Network interface cards (NICs) and drivers
• Routers, switches, hubs, bridges, and access points
• Network cabling: Ethernet (Cat5e, Cat6, Cat6a), fiber optics
• Making Ethernet cables (RJ45 crimping)
• Wi-Fi standards (802.11a/b/g/n/ac/ax) and frequency bands
• Power over Ethernet (PoE) basics

Tools: Crimping tool, cable tester, RJ45 connectors, network switches

Objective: Configure and manage small to medium networks.

Topics Covered:

• Configuring routers (home and small business)
• Setting up Wi-Fi networks (SSID, security, channel selection)
• DHCP configuration and management
• DNS configuration and troubleshooting
• Port forwarding and network address translation (NAT)
• Basic firewall configuration

Tools: Router admin interfaces, network monitoring tools

Objective: Implement basic security measures for systems and networks.

Topics Covered:

• Physical security for IT equipment
• User account management and permissions
• Antivirus, anti-malware, and firewall software
• Password policies and multi-factor authentication
• Data backup and disaster recovery
• Security best practices for IT technicians

Tools: Windows Security, BitLocker, VeraCrypt, backup software

Objective: Develop professional IT support and customer service skills.

Topics Covered:

• Help desk ticketing systems
• Remote desktop support tools
• Documentation and knowledge base creation
• Customer service and communication skills
• Escalation procedures and team collaboration
• Time management and prioritization

Tools: TeamViewer, AnyDesk, ticketing software (demo)

Objective: Set up a complete small office IT infrastructure.

Topics Covered:

• Assemble and configure multiple PCs
• Install operating systems and required software
• Set up a small office network (router, switch, Wi-Fi)
• Configure file sharing and printers
• Implement backup and security measures
• Document the entire setup and create user guides
• Present and demonstrate the working infrastructure

Tools: All tools learned throughout the course